Christine Elizabeth Adamson Essenberg (1876–1965) was a Swedish-American marine zoologist, teacher, and advocate for women’s education. She became one of the first women to earn a PhD in Zoology from the University of California, Berkeley, and is known for her expertise in polychaetes and plankton studies. Essenberg conducted research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and made significant contributions to marine biology by discovering and describing several new species of polychaetes within the Polynoidae and Amphinomidae families, thereby expanding the taxonomy and understanding of marine invertebrates along the Pacific Coast.